Plug-In Hybrids Report

Plug-in Hybrids are one of the fastest growing segments of the global hybrid-EV market. This report looks at the latest challenges and developments in this fast emerging sector.

Covered are grid connectivity, Plug-n hybrid Technology and Vehicle Availablity.

The report also includes profiles of 22 suppliers involved in the Hybrid Vehicle Sector.

Background to this Research

Over the past few years the world, and particularly Japan and the US, have taken to gasoline hybrid vehicles in substantial numbers although realistic fuel consumption has often failed to live up to early expectations. What this has indicated however, is the willingness today of some consumers to explore at least partially electric powertrain options, and although the various OEM strategies operating in the HEV sector do not necessarily lead to huge fuel savings, they can be seen as the initial step on the road to vehicle electrification.

In the medium term the development of grid connected vehicles i.e. plug-in hybrids and electric vehicles (PHEVs), is likely to replace current HEV designs.

While these vehicles are unlikely to be huge volume sellers in the near future, the driving cycle characteristics are suited well to their use in some urban environments, and there are some significant interventions taking place to encourage their uptake.

Plug-In Hybrids are likley to be a critical stepping stone in the shift of the automotive industry and its supplier base towards an electrified future.

Table of Contents:

Introduction

Challenges in PHEV deployment

Development of the Plug-in Hybrid Market

Environmental Performance
The influence of government policy

Grid connectivity

Grid connectivity standardisation
Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE)
Battery exchange systems

Plug-in hybrid Technology

Advanced battery technology
Current battery manufacturing trends
Supercapacitors and ultracapacitors
PHEV transmissions
Regenerative braking
Electric motors
DC Motors
Aftermarket conversions

Plug-in Hybrid vehicle availability

Company Profiles

Aisin AW
Axeon Holdings
Azure Dynamics
Cobasys
Continental
Denso
Eaton
Hitachi
JATCO
Johnson Controls
Keihin
Maxwell Technologies
NessCap
Saft
Sanyo
Sumitomo Wiring
TDK
Toyota Industries
UQM
Visteon
Yazaki
ZF

Table of Figures

Figure 1: PHEV Timeline
Figure 2: HEV model introductions by year – US
Figure 3: HEV percentage share of US vehicle sales
Figure 4: PHEVs amongst a suite of powertrain options for GHG reduction
Figure 5: UK vehicle fleet de-carbonisation roadmap
Figure 6: Current production and reserves of lithium (2007)
Figure 7: Market price and world production of lithium illustrating the recent impact of Chilean production
Figure 8: Global PHEV production
Figure 9: Electricity generation effects GHG emissions performance
Figure 10: US Annual reduction in GHG production through PHEV adoption
Figure 11: PHEV annual costs
Figure 12: PHEV electricity demand by time of day
Figure 13: PHEV electricity demand in the US
Figure 14: A utility vision of a smart grid installation
Figure 15: A solar recharging facility in Santa Monica California
Figure 16: Changes in utility customer relationships
Figure 17: A schematic showing smart grid connectivity elements
Figure 18: Different options for grid connection
Figure 19: Battery recharge and exchange systems
Figure 40: A Toyota Prius PHEV using a road side charging facility in London
Figure 20: Better Place battery exchange system
Figure 21: Charge depletion to charge sustaining transition for PHEV battery packs
Figure 22: Hybrid electric vehicle drive configurations
Figure 23: Cost-performance of battery technologies
Figure 24: Battery price trend forecast
Figure 25: Estimates of battery price development versus volume production
Figure 26: Battery technology evolution
Figure 27: Energy storage overview
Figure 28: A typical ZEBRA battery module
Figure 29: Lithium-ion battery pack
Figure 30: Energy density versus output density in battery systems
Figure 31: A Ragone plot showing energy density vs power density for various energystorage devices
Figure 32: One-Mode Hybrid Input-Split EVT
Figure 33: Two-Mode Hybrid Input-Split EVT
Figure 34: One-Mode Hybrid Input-Split EVT
Figure 35: Two-Mode Hybrid with Input-Split and Compound-Split EVT Modes
Figure 36: Two-mode hybrid transmission
Figure 37: Regenerative Braking System
Figure 38: EV motors
Figure 39: Switch reluctance machines
Figure 41: An early conversion for the PHEV Prius utilising 15 additional lead-acid batteries
Figure 42: PHEV and EV model status and availability

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